Charlie Weige Zhao、Christopher D Stephen、Marian L Dale、Alexander Pantelyat、Maria Carmela Tartaglia、Ruth B Schneider、David G Coughlin、Federico Rodriguez-Porcel、Tao Xie、Burton Scott、Douglas Gunzler、Lawrence I Golbe、James B Rowe、Irene Litvan、Zoltan Mari、Anne-Marie A Wills
作者机构
Department of Neurology, Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA.
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland.
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Memory Cinic, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Neurology and Center for Health & Technology, University of Rochester, NY.
Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego.
Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
Department of Neurology, University of Chicago Medicine, IL.
Duke University, Durham, NC.
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH.
Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ.
CurePSP Inc., New York, NY.
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; and.
Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV.
技术路线
UK Biobank前瞻性队列嵌套病例对照(221例 incident PSP 与2249例年龄性别匹配对照) → 按基线居住地与欧洲PRTR水体污染物排放设施邻近度分组
David M van den Berg、Daniel S Malawsky、Wei Huang、Petr Danecek、Klaudia Walter、Georgios Kalantzis、Isaac Wade、Duncan Palmer、Ewan Birney、Karin J H Verweij、Dirk J A Smit、Sarah J Lindsay、Matthew E Hurles、Abdel Abdellaoui、Hilary C Martin
作者机构
Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
Nuffield Department of Population Health, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
The Pioneer Centre for SMARTbiomed, Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK.
Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK. meh@sanger.ac.uk.
Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. a.abdellaoui@amsterdamumc.nl.
Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK. hcm@sanger.ac.uk.
临床外显子组测序(ES)广泛用于疑似孟德尔病和罕见病的诊断,但许多患者初次分析后仍无法确诊,阴性或非诊断性结果并不一定排除遗传病因,因为基因组知识和患者表型会随时间演变。该叙述性综述检索PubMed/MEDLINE、Web of Science核心合集和Google Scholar,综合外显子再分析、变异重分类、动态报告及补充诊断方法的证据与实践考量。非诊断性ES结果可能反映技术和生物信息学局限、临床或家系信息不完整、基因-疾病知识演变、变异证据不确定或超出常规ES检测范围的遗传机制。结合更新表型信息、数据库、分析方法和家系证据的结构化再分析可发现额外诊断;变异重分类和动态报告更新支持纵向解读,次要发现和人工智能辅助流程需适当监管。再分析不足时,可机制导向升级至基因组测序、RNA测序、长读长测序、甲基化检测、生化检测或功能试验。结构化再分析和动态报告可将ES从一次性分子检测转变为纵向诊断过程,实施需透明的再分析标准、可追溯的解读、不确定性的适当沟通和可持续的实验室流程,以支持临床决策和精准医学。
Ximing Ran、Joanne Wuu、Zhaohui S Qin、Michael P McDermott、Johnathan Cooper-Knock、Yindi Li、Volkan Granit、Anne-Laure Grignon、Elizabeth Lin、Maria Catalina Fernandez、Danielle Colato、Nathan Carberry、Christina M Lill、Paolo Piazza、Andrea Malaspina、Michael Benatar
作者机构
Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Department of Neurology and ALS Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield, UK.
Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Center, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Ageing and Epidemiology Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Department of Neurology and ALS Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. mbenatar@med.miami.edu.
Fabian Streit、Swapnil Awasthi、Alisha S M Hall、Alice Braun、Maria Niarchou、Eirini Marouli、Oladapo Babajide、Josef Frank、Lea Zillich、Carolin M Callies、Diana Avetyan、Eric Zillich、Joonas Naamanka、Jean Gonzalez、Arvid Harder、Yi Lu、Zouhair Aherrahrou、Zain-Ul-Abideen Ahmad、Helga Ask、Anthony Batzler、Michael E Benros、Odette M Brand-de Wilde、Søren Brunak、Mie T Bruun、Lea A N Christoffersen、Lucía Colodro-Conde、Brandon J Coombes、Elizabeth C Corfield、Norbert Dahmen、Maria Didriksen、Khoa M Dinh、Srdjan Djurovic、Joseph Dowsett、Ole Kristian Drange、Helene Dukal、Susanne Edelmann、Christian Erikstrup、Mariana K Espinola、Eva Fassbinder、Annika Faucon、Diana S Ferreira de Sá、Jerome C Foo、Maria Gilles、Alfonso Gutiérrez-Zotes、Thomas F Hansen、Magnus Haraldsson、R Patrick Harper、Alexandra Havdahl、Urs Heilbronner、Stefan Herms、Henrik Hjalgrim、Christopher Hübel、Gitta A Jacob、Bitten Aagaard、Anders Jorgensen、Martin Jungkunz、Nikolaus Kleindienst、Nora Knoblich、Stefanie Koglin、Julia Kraft、Kristi Krebs、Christopher W Lee、Yuhao Lin、Stefanie Lis、Amanda Lisoway、Ioannis A Malogiannis、Amy Martinsen、Tolou Maslahati、Katharina Merz、Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg、Susan Mikkelsen、Christina Mikkelsen、Arian Mobascher、Gerard Muntané、Asmundur Oddsson、Sisse R Ostrowski、Teemu Palviainen、Ole B V Pedersen、Geir Pedersen、Liam Quinn、Matthias A Reinhard、Florian A Ruths、Björn H Schott、Michael Schredl、Emanuel Schwarz、Cornelia E Schwarze、Michael Schwinn、Tabea Sarah Send、Engilbert Sigurdsson、Katja Simon-Keller、Astros T Skuladottir、Joaquim Soler、Anne Sonley、Erik Sørensen、Hreinn Stefansson、Peter Straub、Jaana Suvisaari、Martin Tesli、Jacob Træholt、Henrik Ullum、Maja P Völker、G Bragi Walters、Rujia Wang、Christian C Witt、Gerhard Zarbock、Peter Zill、John-Anker Zwart、DBDS Genomic Consortium、GLAD Study、HUNT All-In Psychiatry、Ole A Andreassen、Arnoud Arntz、Joanna M Biernacka、Martin Bohus、Gerome Breen、Alexander L Chapman、Sven Cichon、Lea K Davis、Michael Deuschle、Sebastian Euler、Sabine C Herpertz、Benjamin Hummelen、Andrea Jobst、Jaakko Kaprio、James L Kennedy、Kelli Lehto、Klaus Lieb、Lourdes Martorell、Shelley McMain、Richard Musil、Vanessa Nieratschker、Markus M Nöthen、Frank Padberg、Aarno Palotie、Juan C Pascual、Nader Perroud、Josep A Ramos-Quiroga、Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud、Marta Ribases、Stefan Roepke、Dan Rujescu、Sandra Sanchez-Roige、Claudia Schilling、Christian Schmahl、Kari Stefansson、Thorgeir E Thorgeirsson、Gustavo Turecki、Elisabet Vilella、Thomas Werge、Bendik S Winsvold、Johannes Wrege、Marcella Rietschel、Stephan Ripke、Stephanie H Witt
作者机构
Hector Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. fabian.streit@zi-mannheim.de.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. fabian.streit@zi-mannheim.de.
Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. fabian.streit@zi-mannheim.de.
German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner Site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, Germany. fabian.streit@zi-mannheim.de.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, UK.
Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner Site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, Germany.
Hector Institute for Translational Brain Research, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Health Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
Hector Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany.
University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Computational Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Copenhagen Research Centre for Biological and Precision Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Netherlands Institute for Personality Disorders, Halsteren, Netherlands.
Department of Public Health & Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Clinical Immunology Research Unit, Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.
Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Services, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Brain and Mental Health Research Program, QIMR Berghofer, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Psychiatric Genetic Epidemiology Group, Research Department & Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Centre for Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Psychiatry, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Agder, Norway.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Department of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Institute for Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM), Institute de Recerca Biomédica Catalunya Sud (IRB-CatSud) previously IISPV-CERCA, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Reus, Spain.
Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Neurogenomic, Translational Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.
Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK.
Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bonn & University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Haematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital and King's College London, London, UK.
National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, German Red Cross Hospitals Westend, Berlin, Germany.
Institute for Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Institute for Medical and Data Ethics, Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany.
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Department of Clinical Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Molecular Brain Science, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
First Department of Psychiatry, Eginition Hospital Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (UPF-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
deCODE genetics / AMGEN, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner Site Munich-Augsburg, Munich-Augsburg, Germany.
South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.
Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Sleep Laboratory, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Charlotte Fresenius University, Wiesbaden, Germany.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine & Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
Borderline Personality Disorder Clinic, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.
Mental health and suicide, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Anaesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
IVAH, Institut für Verhaltenstherapie-Ausbildung Hamburg, gemeinnützige GmbH, Hamburg, Germany.
KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Division of Computational Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
DBT Centre of Vancouver, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Medical Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Juelich, Juelich, Germany.
Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Department of Consultation Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Department of General Psychiatry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Borderline Personality Disorder Clinic, General Adult Psychiatry and Health Systems Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Oberberg Fachkliniken for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Bad Tölz, Germany.
Insitute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bonn & University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Vic Hospital Consortium, Vic, Spain.
Department of Psychiatric, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry, Oberberg Fachkliniken for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Wendisch Rietz, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.
Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Douglas Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. stephanie.witt@zi-mannheim.de.
German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner Site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, Germany. stephanie.witt@zi-mannheim.de.
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